Designed as a practical guide, this book deals with analyses carried out on the various soil horizons observable in Europe. Its ambition is to help you choose your analyses wisely, master the ways of expressing results, interpret them finely, and present them correctly. Thanks to the consideration of numerous research published since 2000, this 3rd edition is greatly expanded concerning carbon and organic matter, trace elements, and indicators of biological quality. A natural complement to the Guide for Soil Description (Baize and Jabiol, 2011, Quæ ed.), this book is aimed at all those, pedologists, foresters, agronomists, agricultural technicians, environmental engineers, specialists in related disciplines, students, teachers... who have to characterize or study what is commonly referred to as "soils."