Joseph Capus' work is a unique testimony on the evolution of French law concerning controlled designations of origin (AOC), from the 1905 law on the repression of fraud to the 1935 decree-law. Published in 1947, the year of Capus' passing, the book summarizes the author's work in favor of AOCs and serves as his political testament in the wine industry. The reissue of the book, on the occasion of the Centenary of the 1919 law, allows us to understand the difficulties that justified the implemented regime and to better comprehend why, ultimately, the system introduced by Capus managed to resist, succeed, and even serve as a model for other European countries. The introduction preceding the reissue connects this small yet historically significant book to the current challenges of European wine law and seeks to demonstrate the continuity of designations of origin as an institution, as a legal framework, and ultimately, as a vehicle for identities.